A GIS BASED SPATIO-TEMPORAL PATTERN ANALYSIS OF MAN-MADE DISASTERS IN SHANGHAI
YIN Zhan-e1, YIN Jie2, XU Shi-yuan2, SI Rui-jie1, ZHONG Hai-dong2
1. Geography Department of Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China;
2. Geography Department of East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
Abstract This paper aims to study the spatio-temporal pattern and distribution of man-made disasters which can be prevented and will influence the city functions. The study covers the core area and suburbs of Shanghai, accounting for about 16% of Shanghai area, which include whole Yangpu, Zhabei, Hongkou, Putuo, Changning, Jing'an, Luwan, Xuhui, Huangpu districts and partial area of Baoshan, Jiading, Minhang, Nanhui and Pudong districts, totally 146 towns and streets where are most populated and urbanized. The authors collect the data of man-made disasters of Shanghai from the government reports, newspapers and government bulletin. To facilitate and accelerate this study process, GIS technology is applied in this research. In this paper, the authors build a database of man-made disasters based on 1987 cases data of different types of man-made disasters in Shanghai from 2000 to 2006, referring the international disaster database structure. And then they quantitatively analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of the man-made disasters in Shanghai by using GIS technology. The results show that (1) the number of man-made disasters have increasing trend with urbanization acceleration in Shanghai, and the frequency in summer and winter, is greater than in Spring and Autumn, and the lowest value occurred at around the Spring Festival. The frequency of different types of disasters and accidents such as traffic, fire, building and public facilities is of difference seasonal characteristics; (2) man-made disasters in Shanghai show the density of the city center tends to decrease the outer ring surrounding areas. High-incidence areas of Man-made disasters are mainly distributed in the central city and urban-rural high-flow areas. There is a close relationship between human activities and man-made disaster. All disasters are different types of spatial pattern; (3) urban man-made disasters hazards depends largely on the location of urban construction, infrastructure, industrial structure, management regulations, population density and quality of the people, and many other combination of factors.
2011, Vol. 26 
